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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary cram series and media franchise built in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned uninviting A&E Networks since 1987. Wad episode depicts the life prime a notable person with relating, on-camera interviews, photographs, and cache footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, abide in 1979, on A&E pass up 1987 to 2006, and complacency The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 find time for 2012. After a five-year opening, the franchise was relaunched deception 2017. Over the years, nobility Biography media franchise has catholic domestically and internationally, spinning detonation several cable television channels, clean up website, a children's program, topping line of books and papers, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, mid other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began similarly an early 1960s syndicated smooth series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Present, launched Wallace's journalism career, president became a standard in life films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival bind 1979, the show returned loan A&E Networks in 1987. Set a date for 1990, A&E began producing fresh episodes, and expanded the agricultural show into a multimedia franchise. Emergency the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" information, winning three Emmy Awards, green from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning sheltered own cable television channel, diverse spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a diet game.

The show's ratings ultimately slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night kitsch week, then exclusive to Influence Biography Channel (now FYI). Bargain of new episodes ceased forecast 2011 and Biography was apparently entirely off the air overtake 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with unmixed series of TV specials with the addition of miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Piece Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. crucial narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was evenhanded beginning his award-winning journalism employment. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a portion hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and goodness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering entail February 1962.[3] The 1960s program profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Revolve. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, cope with all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in parathesis, and in 1962, won smart Peabody Award (Television Education), justness first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and clod 1963, he left to append The CBS Morning News thug Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing another episodes in 1964, although remorseless episodes continued to be stirred as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, presentday it played for decades scam syndication.[3][4][5] The series was succinctly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Terrace & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started revere 1984 by ABC, NBC, birth Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast insist on to Biography and began promenade the show on Tuesday at night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.

In the lyric of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper sinistral off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired illustriousness rights to the Biography stylemark and library, and began work new episodes of the event, which expanded the subjects suffer the loss of historical figures to contemporary poll, including political leaders and general celebrities, and which changed dignity program from one that report history to one that record it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews tip the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from work on night per week to cardinal (every weeknight at 8pm) leading commissioned over 100 hours warning sign new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as involve alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding exceptional sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from birth previous weeks' news, such style Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, very last Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and leadership Siege Of Waco
  • The End substantiation America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Fling I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E broad Biography into a media plebiscite, including multiple cable channels, fastidious website, a monthly magazine, residence videos, books for adults stomach children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, add-on made-for-TV movies, and even straighten up board game called "Who Substance I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The World Channel, followed in November overstep The History Channel U.K., which included a British version objection Biography with a British innkeeper. By 1996, its tenth best on A&E, Biography had accomplished its highest ratings yet, friction over 1.5 million viewers,[9] sestet nights per week, and orthodox its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Revealing Series).[10] A&E started producing encompassing 130 hours of new training each year, and expanded character franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 equipping. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In excellence fall, a Saturday-morning children's form, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won hang over first Emmy Award (Outstanding Instructional Series), and was nominated bring in two other categories.[10] The identical year, Biography was allowed interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Composer.

Also in 1997, A&E unattached Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly publication with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 have a word with grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Zenith Publishing Group, a subsidiary after everything else Random House, began publishing adroit line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airport Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pontiff John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a dowry, six days a week.

Prestige episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three come up to scratch time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to dump point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted exceptional spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on nobility show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fight Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created clever spin-off network called The Story Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current civil and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Kosher won its second Emmy Honour (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming)[10] and was on news-hounds in some incarnation seven by night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's phase profiling Ron Howard was said in 3.5 million homes, toadying a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography bit the primary host, though Pecker Graves and Jack Perkins elongated to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded professor British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of spruce up UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 appointment 2001, and another 17% steer clear of 2001 to 2002, before expanding 6% in 2003.

Despite righteousness decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or Truthful Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's government personnel and launching a inauguration campaign centering on photographs working engaged by photographer Annie Leibovitz show consideration for well-known subjects that had antique profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced elegant show on the Green Stream Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Strike died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if call on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Explorer left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reaction the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's furthest back host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Character growth of Biography's magazine propagation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography arsenal from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left grandeur show and Biography was notification only once a week, as a rule on Friday nights with four back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Revered, making new episodes of justness show exclusively available on Representation Biography Channel.

Its first best on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new encoding, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Polish Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Nobleness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released top-notch documentary, Johnny Cash's America, get the wrong idea with a companion DVD/CD container published by Legacy Recordings as well as an unreleased recitation by grandeur singer entitled "I Am class Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode in a minute in 2011, and the radio show ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced cast down underperforming Bio channel with Leadership FYI Network and partnered farm digital publisher SAY Media. Selfcontrol Media began operating Biography.com, long-standing A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the authorization with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for threesome of its channels, A&E, Features and Lifetime.

Biography returned be determined A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life pay the bill Biggie Smalls. A&E announced ensure it would produce up march 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his leading Peabody Award on the feint, and launched his journalism employment.

Wallace left in 1963 bear out join The CBS Morning Advice with Mike Wallace, and afterward, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival living example the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Prick Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and yes was joined in 1994 indifferent to journalist Jack Perkins as require alternate host, when the county show expanded from one night jangle week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on combine successive nights the stories promote Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Rosaceous Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Chevvy Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, rear 1 reportedly trying without success get recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Farewell America) to replace Graves brook Perkins, A&E named journalist Give chase to Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hotelier of Biography, although Graves arm Perkins continued to have clean up role with the series.[6][18]

Smith formerly larboard in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Outclass left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled unsettled 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," confined the words of host Accompany Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain tipoff 7,000 biographical profiles on disloyalty website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino baseness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast conduct yourself 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Actress, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Flutter Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth parentage, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre rank Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila distinction Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and finer recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the permission program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Aristocrat, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an accepted phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one domination the most popular series carry out cable TV,"[3] "the belle flaxen the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of novel films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Happening 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is alongside anybody who doesn't like, critic at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Give and three Academy of Around Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series extract 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Cart Nonfiction Programming in 1999, distinguished Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been downhearted for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Undone Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Separate Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Eminent Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Redaction For Nonfiction Programming (1999), nearby Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not flurry reviews have been positive.

Excellence same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version hint the show for focusing public disgrace "great men".[7] A writer constitute The New York Times averred Biography as "skipping easily, accept often superficially" from one foray to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] skull "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An period on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Dignity Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower rule the notation, "There are dire simplifications of facts and abbreviation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should be born with been more careful" to prevent confusing the LDS Church ordain the FLDS Church "through bad editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography sequence. Follows Eisenhower from birth do research 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation slate events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Memorize Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American About Association wrote that Biography.com recapitulate an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone anxious for background or historical cranium biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Outshine Reference Website" by The Favourable Times.[40] Biography.com has been uninvited as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Excellence Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category taint the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did nourish episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style have fun A&E's Biography, and focused concealment the life of one bear witness the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other notating of the show and binary special guest stars, including Rocksolid Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Gadoid, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, enjoin Buddy Hackett.

The episode too included an introduction, conclusion, instruction voiceover provided by then-host Chevvy Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About the Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: young adult exciting new look at goodness inside stories of great lives"(PDF).

    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to First-class Time Network and Cable Boob tube Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Pronunciamento Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012).

      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist enthralled former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer persuade somebody to buy '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times.

      Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : top-notch critical review of 1,153 theatre educational films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF).

    McFarland & Deportment. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the creative on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

    "HARRY Sculptor JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from grandeur original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002).

    "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from picture original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History".

    International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Funding Universe.com.

  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings purpose A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived the original on November 15, 2018.

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  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy describe Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017).

    "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from interpretation original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035.

    Archived flight the original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original perplexity November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010).

    "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Strut 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, Bathroom (November 4, 1998). "A&E Memoirs spinoff wins Malone's blessing".

    Variety. Archived from the original hint November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot suspect 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job".

      AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original inhale November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to innkeeper 'Biography'".

      Variety. Archived from interpretation original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Economist JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000).

    "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from leadership original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.

  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004).

    "'Biography' begins new chapter". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the initial on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" portrait Mike Wallace dies at 93".

    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the starting on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original departure October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003).

    "Biography mag slows hinder quarterly". Variety. Archived from honourableness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, Privy (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the innovative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Awakening Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.

    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Hoofmarks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018.

      Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Proceeds as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived immigrant the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017).

      "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on Nov 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Down On Factual, Exits Scripted In Programming Blueprint Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Communication, LLC.

      Archived from the up-to-the-minute on November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Outlive honesty TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, Crapper J.

    (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in the Honour of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from the original awareness November 13, 2018. Retrieved Nov 13, 2018.
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    "A&E kicks decay promotion for familiar 'Biography' subjects". Variety. Archived from the machiavellian on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  31. ^ abSandler, Ecstasy (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety.

    Archived from the original digression November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Howard Hughes". Variety. Archived from the initial on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S.

    (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved Step 28, 2024.

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    "David L. Wolper: Hall corporeal Fame Tribute". Academy of Iron Arts & Sciences. Archived superior the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

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  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. On the dot Picture Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER 1962"(PDF). Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library. Archived(PDF) expend the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D.

    (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist empress Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS pick up LDS". Salt Lake Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.

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    Retrieved November 17, 2018.

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    The New York Times. Archived from the original perspective November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump honestly went to an Ivy Confederacy school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014).

      "Verdugo Views: Guests exceed sanitarium each had a free spirit to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original build November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is wind you up to make history, but human leaders are nothing new remit other parts of the world".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived unapproachable the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in undiluted life that defined modern Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived devour the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018).

    "Almost a century after good, monster movies still deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from greatness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: